In the
last post we had gotten as far as the weak formulation of the problem. We had also posed a few questions. Their answers will be given in this post. The discussion will be general though and applicable to all the problems amenable to finite element approximation.
Weighted Residual!!
What is meant by weighted residual? Remember from the
previous post, the residual of the system were all the terms moved to the left hand side of the differential equation. The right hand side then had no terms left and it was obviously equal to zero. In other words, the residual was equal to zero. If we multiply this residual by some weighing function, the resultant is still zero (no surprises!). Now the idea of a weighted residual formulation is to multiply the residual by some weighing function and then to integrate this product over the entire domain of the problem. For a one dimensional problem, this is equivalent to integrating over the length of the domain. The integral is then put equal to zero. Of course, because the residual is zero.
$$ \int_{\Omega}r(x)w(x)dx=0$$